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What is included in the concept of timber? And what kinds of lumber there? Timber products are of sawn timber, which has its standard dimensions and grades GOST. It has at least two parallel, flat seams. Today, timber is the most popular, environmentally friendly material in the construction market.

Lumber obtained by longitudinal and also the transverse and longitudinal dividing (cutting) of logs. Production of lumber passes in sawmills where harvested from areas held sawing wood on special machines – circular or band saw sawmill.

A list of the main types of lumber

By targeting to a log timber can be:

• radial sawing, obtained by sawing logs or focused beam in the direction of cuts close to the radius of the annual rings of wood;
• tangential sawing, obtained by means of sawing logs oriented towards propylene tangentially relative annual layers of wood.

By opilenosti edge timber can be:

• edged with edges that are perpendicular to the sawdust plank, with non-parallel or parallel run away edges (propylene on all four sides);
• cut on one side, with only one edge and chipped formation;
• not edging, partially or completely opilennymi edges.

Processing, timber divided into:

• planed – with planed edges;
• calibrated – processed and dried to the required yardsticks.

On the strength of guarantees, lumber may apply to construction, namely, lumber, with a guarantee of high strength, designed for load-bearing structures, which are high loads.

SORT timber:

• by machine, by means of mechanical devices;
• via visual grading after visual inspection, measurement, number and position of defects tree.

End processing, they can be:

• tortsovannye and cut to length;
• netortsovannye – not cut to length.

The range of lumber include: a bar, boards, beams, sleepers, slab and lagging.

Class A timber of wood, on the geometry of the cross-cut method, the nature of wood, by size, by location of faces in relation to the annual rings on the situation of sawn timber in the log (side boards, the central heart-shaped board and the board).

Keep timber must be on a flat surface, raised above the ground. Their shift rails and covered with a special coating.

Logging industry – it is a complex, which includes logging and primary processing. Sawmill allows to automate the job of wood processing, improve productivity and quality, reduce the burden on the workers. The use of new techniques and coordination of work of all staff makes the modern sawmill profitable and enhances their competitiveness in the timber market.

Patrimony

Logging – hard work. Before there were the first sawmill, sawing wood or dissolution was made by a saw and two sawyers. This cutting required a lot of effort, but the quality of the board depended on the guide sawyer, who directed the tool carried by the line.

The oldest sawmill worked on a hydraulic actuator, or a waterwheel. The reciprocating movement therein through rods and transmitted to gear 2 saw frame. Such schemes sawmills were found in the ancient Turkish city of Hierapolis. Similar sawmill, driven by a water wheel without gear used in the Byzantine Empire. In Europe, the mills were in widespread use in the 16th century. In our territory, they appeared relatively recently – three hundred years ago.

The sawmill was arranged near the river, which gave the water to the water wheel, and much less – in place felling. Basically it was built on the lower or middle of the river, through which the alloy wire forest or transshipment to other vehicles. Wood contacted in rafts, raft raftsman to the sawmill.

Stages of the sawmill

Harvested (sawn) timber on plots where conduct random or clear cutting, cleared of branches and into the upper storage timber in the form of whips, and then transported by tractor, trucks or narrow-gauge logging sawmill warehouse. Sometimes the logs are divided into dimensional assortments and fused along the river by river barge or rail, to the place of its application.

In the sawmill timber arrives without drying, with natural moisture and joinery it is not suitable. In the sawmill, he is placed on a rack, and then placed on a trolley on the rails and is supplied to the sawing where it cut to sleepers, logs, planks, beams and carriages.

Used for joinery timber, after primary processing and cutting, it is placed on the warehouse site for natural drying or in special drying chambers. In the sawmill, logs are cut into metered parts of different sizes. After that, they are ripping on the machines – tape or circular. Modern Packet file machines, which cut occurs by means of circular saw blades, greatly accelerated the process of sawing logs.